clear color works
[demo] / src / vulkan / vk.cc
index 105caba..9297e63 100644 (file)
@@ -2,38 +2,68 @@
 #include <GLFW/glfw3.h>
 
 #include <alloca.h>
+#include <assert.h>
 #include <stdio.h>
 #include <string.h>
-
 #include <string>
 #include <vector>
 
+#include <gmath/gmath.h>
+
+#include "allocator.h"
 #include "gfxapi.h"
+#include "image.h"
+#include "vkutil.h"
+#include "vk.h"
 
 /* global variables */
 extern GLFWwindow *win;
 extern int win_w;
 extern int win_h;
 
+//command buffers
+static VkCommandBuffer init_buf;
+static VkCommandBuffer rbufs[2];
+//depth buffer
+static VkImage dimg;
+static VkImageView dview;
+static const VkFormat dformat = VK_FORMAT_D32_SFLOAT_S8_UINT;
+//swapchain
+static VkImage *images;
+static VkImageView *iviews;
+static uint32_t num_images;
+//renderpass
+static VkRenderPass rpass;
+static VkFramebuffer fbs[2];
+//semaphores-drawing-presentation
+static uint32_t curr_img; // current sc image
+static VkSemaphore psema;
+
+
 /* static variables */
-static std::vector<std::string> enabled_extension_names;
-static VkInstance inst;
-static VkDevice device;
-static VkPhysicalDevice pdev;
-static VkSurfaceKHR surface;
-static uint32_t device_mem_idx;
-static uint32_t num_queues;
-static uint32_t qfamily_idx;
-
-static const char *print_vulkan_error(VkResult error);
-static const char *dev_type_str(VkPhysicalDeviceType type);
-static const char *heap_flags_str(VkMemoryHeapFlags flags);
-static const char *memtype_flags_str(VkMemoryPropertyFlags flags);
-static const char *queue_flags_str(VkQueueFlags flags);
-
-/* static fumctions */
-static bool create_instance();
-static bool create_device();
+static VkDeviceMemory gpu_mem; // to be replaced when I fix the allocator
+static Vec4 clear_color(1, 0.1, 0.1, 1.0);
+
+/* static functions */
+static void error_callback(int error, const char *descr);
+static void clear(float r, float g, float b);
+static void viewport(int x, int y, int width, int height);
+static void zbuffer(bool enable);
+static void cull_face(Gfx_cull_face cf);
+static void reshape(int width, int height);
+static void swapbuffers();
+static void begin_drawing();
+static void end_drawing();
+
+static bool create_swapchain(VkSwapchainKHR *sc);
+static bool begin_init_command_buffer(VkCommandBuffer *cb);
+static bool create_zbuffer();
+static bool create_renderpass();
+static bool create_framebuffers(VkFramebuffer *fb, VkImageView *views);
+static bool end_init_command_buffer(VkCommandBuffer *cb);
+static bool allocate_rendering_command_buffers(VkCommandBuffer *bufs);
+static void free_rendering_command_buffers(VkCommandBuffer *bufs, int count);
+static bool begin_rendering_command_buffers(VkCommandBuffer *bufs, int count);
 
 bool init_vulkan()
 {
@@ -47,12 +77,16 @@ bool init_vulkan()
                return false;
        }
 
-       if(!create_instance()) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to enable validation.\n");
+       //TODO: remove later
+       glfwSetErrorCallback(error_callback);
+
+       /* create device and command pool! */
+       if(!vku_create_device()) {
+               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to initialize vulkan.\n");
                return false;
        }
 
-       if(!glfwGetPhysicalDevicePresentationSupport(inst, pdev, qfamily_idx)) {
+       if(!glfwGetPhysicalDevicePresentationSupport(vkinst, vk_physical, vkqfamily)) {
                fprintf(stderr, "Presentation support not found.\n");
                return false;
        }
@@ -63,341 +97,611 @@ bool init_vulkan()
                return false;
        }
 
-       if(VkResult err = glfwCreateWindowSurface(inst, win, 0, &surface)) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create KHR surface: %s\n", print_vulkan_error(err));
+       VkResult res = glfwCreateWindowSurface(vkinst, win, 0, &vk_surface);
+       if(res != VK_SUCCESS) {
+               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create KHR surface: %s\n", vku_get_vulkan_error_str(res));
                return false;
        }
 
-       return true;
-}
+       if(!create_swapchain(&vk_swapchain)) {
+               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create swapchain.\n");
+               return false;
+       }
 
-void cleanup_vulkan()
-{
-       //TODOs according to the book:
-       // 1- make sure all threads have been terminated (when I add threads)
-       // 2- destroy objects in *reverse* order
+       init_buf = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+       if(!begin_init_command_buffer(&init_buf)) {
+               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to start VK_NULL_HANDLE command buffer.\n");
+               return false;
+       }
 
-       vkDestroySurfaceKHR(inst, surface, 0);
+       if(!create_zbuffer()) {
+               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create depth buffer.\n");
+               return false;
+       }
 
-       if(vkDeviceWaitIdle(device) == VK_SUCCESS) {
-               vkDestroyDevice(device, 0);
-               vkDestroyInstance(inst, 0);
+       if(!create_renderpass()) {
+               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create the renderpass.\n");
+               return false;
        }
+
+       if(!create_framebuffers(fbs, iviews)) {
+               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create the framebuffer.\n");
+               return false;
+       }
+
+       if(!end_init_command_buffer(&init_buf)) {
+               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to end the command buffer.\n");
+               return false;
+       }
+
+       /* rendering command buffers */
+       if(!allocate_rendering_command_buffers(rbufs)) {
+               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to allocate rendering command buffers.\n");
+               return false;
+       }
+
+       if(!begin_rendering_command_buffers(rbufs, 2)) {
+               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to begin rendering command buffers.\n");
+               return false;
+       }
+
+       gfx_clear = clear;
+       gfx_viewport = viewport;
+       gfx_zbuffer = zbuffer;
+       gfx_cull_face = cull_face;
+       gfx_reshape = reshape;
+       gfx_swapbuffers = swapbuffers;
+       gfx_begin_drawing = begin_drawing;
+       gfx_end_drawing = end_drawing;
+
+       return true;
 }
 
-static bool create_instance()
+static bool create_swapchain(VkSwapchainKHR *sc)
 {
-       /* enable layers */
-       uint32_t layer_count = 0;
-       std::vector<const char *> enabled_layers;
+       /* surface capabilities */
+       VkSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR scap;
+       if(vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfaceCapabilitiesKHR(vk_physical, vk_surface, &scap) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to get physical device surface capabilities\n");
+               return false;
+       }
 
-       if(vkEnumerateInstanceLayerProperties(&layer_count, 0) != VK_SUCCESS) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to query layer properties.\n");
+       /* presentation modes */
+       uint32_t prmode_cnt;
+       if(vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfacePresentModesKHR(vk_physical, vk_surface, &prmode_cnt, 0) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to get physical device surface presentation modes count.\n");
                return false;
        }
 
-       if(layer_count > 0) {
-               VkLayerProperties *layers = (VkLayerProperties *)alloca(layer_count * sizeof *layers);
-               vkEnumerateInstanceLayerProperties(&layer_count, layers);
-               for(uint32_t i=0; i<layer_count; i++) {
-                       if(strcmp(layers[i].layerName, "VK_LAYER_LUNARG_standard_validation")) {
-                               enabled_layers.push_back(layers[i].layerName);
-                       }
-               }
+       if(prmode_cnt == 0) {
+               fprintf(stderr, "Presentation modes not found.\n");
+               return false;
        }
 
-       /* enable extensions */
-       uint32_t extensions_count = 0;
-       std::vector<const char *> enabled_extensions;
+       VkPresentModeKHR scmode = VK_PRESENT_MODE_FIFO_KHR;
+       VkPresentModeKHR *modes = new VkPresentModeKHR[prmode_cnt];
 
-       if(vkEnumerateInstanceExtensionProperties(0, &extensions_count, 0) != VK_SUCCESS) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to enumerate instance extension properties\n");
+       if(vkGetPhysicalDeviceSurfacePresentModesKHR(vk_physical, vk_surface, &prmode_cnt, modes) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to get physical device presentation modes.\n");
                return false;
        }
 
-       if(extensions_count > 0) {
-               VkExtensionProperties *extensions = (VkExtensionProperties *)alloca(extensions_count * sizeof *extensions);
-               vkEnumerateInstanceExtensionProperties(0, &extensions_count, extensions);
-
-               for(uint32_t i=0; i<extensions_count; i++) {
-                       printf("Extension %u: %s %u.\n", i, extensions[i].extensionName, extensions[i].specVersion);
-                       //enable all the available extensions
-                       enabled_extensions.push_back(extensions[i].extensionName);
-                       enabled_extension_names.push_back(std::string(extensions[i].extensionName));
+       for(uint32_t i=0; i<prmode_cnt; i++) {
+               if(modes[i] == VK_PRESENT_MODE_MAILBOX_KHR) {
+                       scmode = VK_PRESENT_MODE_MAILBOX_KHR;
+                       break;
+               }
+               if((scmode != VK_PRESENT_MODE_MAILBOX_KHR) && (modes[i] == VK_PRESENT_MODE_IMMEDIATE_KHR)) {
+                       //fallback
+                       scmode = VK_PRESENT_MODE_IMMEDIATE_KHR;
                }
        }
 
-       /* create instance */
-       VkInstanceCreateInfo create_info;
-       memset(&create_info, 0, sizeof create_info);
-       create_info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_INSTANCE_CREATE_INFO;
+       /* swapchain extents */
+       VkExtent2D scextent;
+       if(scap.currentExtent.width == 0xffffffff || scap.currentExtent.height == 0xffffffff) {
+               scextent.width = win_w;
+               scextent.height = win_h;
+       }
+       else {
+               scextent = scap.currentExtent;
+               win_w = scextent.width;
+               win_h = scextent.height;
+       }
+
+       /* number of swapchain images (on intel that's 3: maybe should hardcode it to 2?) */
+       num_images = scap.minImageCount; //+ 1;
+       /* intel doesn't set the maxImageCount */
+       if(scap.maxImageCount > 0 && num_images > scap.maxImageCount)
+               num_images = scap.maxImageCount;
+
+       printf("num_images : %u\n", num_images);
+       assert(num_images > 0);
 
-       if(!enabled_layers.empty()) {
-               create_info.enabledLayerCount = enabled_layers.size();
-               create_info.ppEnabledLayerNames = enabled_layers.data();
+       images = new VkImage[num_images];
+       iviews = new VkImageView[num_images];
+
+       /* transform flags */
+       VkSurfaceTransformFlagBitsKHR pre_transf = scap.currentTransform;
+       if(scap.supportedTransforms & VK_SURFACE_TRANSFORM_IDENTITY_BIT_KHR)
+               pre_transf = VK_SURFACE_TRANSFORM_IDENTITY_BIT_KHR;
+
+       /* find suitable colorspace, format */
+       VkFormat format;
+       VkColorSpaceKHR colorspace;
+
+       VkSurfaceFormatKHR sformat;
+       if(!vku_get_surface_format(vk_physical, vk_surface, &sformat)) {
+               return false;
        }
 
-       if(!enabled_extensions.empty()) {
-               create_info.enabledExtensionCount = enabled_extensions.size();
-               create_info.ppEnabledExtensionNames = enabled_extensions.data();
+       format = sformat.format;
+       colorspace = sformat.colorSpace;
+
+       /* creating the swapchain */
+       VkSwapchainCreateInfoKHR sinfo;
+       memset(&sinfo, 0, sizeof sinfo);
+
+       sinfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SWAPCHAIN_CREATE_INFO_KHR;
+       sinfo.surface = vk_surface;
+       sinfo.minImageCount = num_images;
+       sinfo.imageFormat = format;
+       sinfo.imageColorSpace = colorspace;
+       sinfo.imageExtent = scextent;
+       sinfo.imageUsage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_BIT;
+       sinfo.preTransform = pre_transf;
+       sinfo.compositeAlpha = VK_COMPOSITE_ALPHA_OPAQUE_BIT_KHR;
+       sinfo.imageArrayLayers = 1;
+       sinfo.imageSharingMode = VK_SHARING_MODE_EXCLUSIVE;
+       sinfo.presentMode = scmode;
+       sinfo.oldSwapchain = VK_NULL_HANDLE; //TODO
+       sinfo.clipped = VK_TRUE; //TODO
+
+       if(vkCreateSwapchainKHR(vk_device, &sinfo, 0, sc) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create swapchain.\n");
+               return false;
        }
 
-       if(vkCreateInstance(&create_info, 0, &inst) != VK_SUCCESS) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create instance.\n");
+       if(vkGetSwapchainImagesKHR(vk_device, *sc, &num_images, 0) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to get the number of the swapchain images.\n");
                return false;
        }
 
-       if(!create_device())
+       if(vkGetSwapchainImagesKHR(vk_device, *sc, &num_images, images) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to get the swapchain images.\n");
                return false;
+       }
+
+       VkImageViewCreateInfo ivinf;
+       memset(&ivinf, 0, sizeof ivinf);
+       ivinf.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_VIEW_CREATE_INFO;
+       ivinf.format = format;
+       ivinf.components = {
+               VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_R,
+               VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_G,
+               VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_B,
+               VK_COMPONENT_SWIZZLE_A
+       };
+       ivinf.subresourceRange.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT;
+       ivinf.subresourceRange.levelCount = 1;
+       ivinf.subresourceRange.layerCount = 1;
+       ivinf.viewType = VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_2D;
+
+       for(uint32_t i=0; i<num_images; i++) {
+               ivinf.image = images[i];
+
+               VkResult res;
+               if((res = vkCreateImageView(vk_device, &ivinf, 0, &iviews[i])) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+                       fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create image view %d: %s.\n", i, vku_get_vulkan_error_str(res));
+                       return false;
+               }
+       }
 
        return true;
 }
 
-static bool create_device()
+static bool begin_init_command_buffer(VkCommandBuffer *cb)
 {
-       int qfam_idx = -1;
-       int pdev_idx = -1;
+       if(*cb == VK_NULL_HANDLE) {
+               *cb = vku_alloc_cmdbuf(vk_pool, VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_LEVEL_PRIMARY);
+
+               VkCommandBufferInheritanceInfo ciinf;
+               memset(&ciinf, 0, sizeof ciinf);
+               ciinf.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_INHERITANCE_INFO;
+               ciinf.renderPass = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+               ciinf.framebuffer = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+               ciinf.occlusionQueryEnable = VK_FALSE;
+
+               VkCommandBufferBeginInfo cbinf;
+               memset(&cbinf, 0, sizeof cbinf);
+               cbinf.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_BEGIN_INFO;
+               cbinf.pInheritanceInfo = &ciinf;
+
+               if(vkBeginCommandBuffer(*cb, &cbinf) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+                       fprintf(stderr, "Failed to begin command buffer.\n");
+                       return false;
+               }
+       }
+       return true;
+}
 
-       uint32_t dev_count;
-       if(vkEnumeratePhysicalDevices(inst, &dev_count, 0) != VK_SUCCESS) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to enumerate physical devices.\n");
+static bool create_zbuffer()
+{
+       VkImageCreateInfo dinfo;
+       memset(&dinfo, 0, sizeof dinfo);
+
+       dinfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_CREATE_INFO;
+       dinfo.imageType = VK_IMAGE_TYPE_2D;
+       dinfo.format = dformat;
+       dinfo.extent = {(uint32_t)win_w, (uint32_t)win_h, 1};
+       dinfo.mipLevels = 1;
+       dinfo.arrayLayers = 1;
+       dinfo.samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
+       dinfo.tiling = VK_IMAGE_TILING_OPTIMAL;
+       dinfo.usage = VK_IMAGE_USAGE_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_BIT;
+
+       if(vkCreateImage(vk_device, &dinfo, 0, &dimg) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create depth buffer image.\n");
                return false;
        }
-       printf("%u devices found.\n", (unsigned int)dev_count);
 
-       VkPhysicalDevice *phys_dev = (VkPhysicalDevice *)alloca(dev_count * sizeof *phys_dev);
-       vkEnumeratePhysicalDevices(inst, &dev_count, phys_dev);
-       VkPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties memprop;
+       VkMemoryRequirements dmem_reqs;
+       vkGetImageMemoryRequirements(vk_device, dimg, &dmem_reqs);
 
-       for(uint32_t i=0; i<dev_count; i++) {
-               VkPhysicalDeviceProperties dev_props;
-               vkGetPhysicalDeviceProperties(phys_dev[i], &dev_props);
+       gpu_mem = vk_allocate(dmem_reqs.size);
 
-               //memory heaps:
-               vkGetPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties(phys_dev[i], &memprop);
-               printf("\tNumber of heaps: %u\n", memprop.memoryHeapCount);
-               for(uint32_t j=0; j<memprop.memoryHeapCount; j++) {
-                       printf("\t\tHeap %u size: %lu\n", j, (unsigned long)memprop.memoryHeaps[j].size);
-                       printf("\t\tHeap %u flags: %s\n", j, heap_flags_str(memprop.memoryHeaps[j].flags));
-               }
-               //memory types
-               printf("\tMemory types: %u\n", memprop.memoryTypeCount);
-               for(uint32_t j=0; j<memprop.memoryTypeCount; j++) {
-                       printf("\t\tType %u heap index: %u\n", j, memprop.memoryTypes[j].heapIndex);
-                       printf("\t\tType %u flags: %s\n", j, memtype_flags_str(memprop.memoryTypes[j].propertyFlags));
-               }
+       if(!gpu_mem)
+               return false;
 
-               //supported features
-               VkPhysicalDeviceFeatures features;
-               vkGetPhysicalDeviceFeatures(phys_dev[i], &features);
-
-               //queue families
-               uint32_t qfam_count;
-               vkGetPhysicalDeviceQueueFamilyProperties(phys_dev[i], &qfam_count, 0);
-               printf("\tQueue Families: %u\n", qfam_count);
-               VkQueueFamilyProperties *qfam_props = new VkQueueFamilyProperties[qfam_count];
-               vkGetPhysicalDeviceQueueFamilyProperties(phys_dev[i], &qfam_count, qfam_props);
-               for(uint32_t j=0; j<qfam_count; j++) {
-                       printf("\t\tFamily %u flags: %s\n", j, queue_flags_str(qfam_props[j].queueFlags));
-                       printf("\t\tFamily %u number of queues: %u\n", j, qfam_props[j].queueCount);
-
-                       if((qfam_props[j].queueFlags & VK_QUEUE_GRAPHICS_BIT) && (pdev_idx == -1)) {
-                               pdev_idx = i;
-                               qfam_idx = j;
-                               num_queues = qfam_props[j].queueCount;
-                       }
-               }
-               delete [] qfam_props;
+       vkBindImageMemory(vk_device, dimg, gpu_mem, 0);
+
+       if(!vk_image_set_layout(init_buf, dimg, VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_DEPTH_BIT,
+                               VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED, VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL,
+                               (VkAccessFlagBits)0)) {
+               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to set depth buffer layout.\n");
+               return false;
        }
 
-       if(pdev_idx == -1) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "No suitable devices found.\n");
+       VkImageViewCreateInfo div_inf;
+       memset(&div_inf, 0, sizeof div_inf);
+
+       div_inf.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_VIEW_CREATE_INFO;
+       div_inf.image = dimg;
+       div_inf.format = dformat;
+       div_inf.subresourceRange.aspectMask = VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_DEPTH_BIT;
+       div_inf.subresourceRange.levelCount = 1;
+       div_inf.subresourceRange.layerCount = 1;
+       div_inf.viewType = VK_IMAGE_VIEW_TYPE_2D;
+
+       if(vkCreateImageView(vk_device, &div_inf, 0, &dview) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create image view for depth buffer.\n");
                return false;
        }
 
-       pdev = *(phys_dev + pdev_idx);
-       qfamily_idx = qfam_idx;
+       return true;
+}
 
-       /*      uint32_t layer_count;
-               if(vkEnumerateDeviceLayerProperties(pdev, &layer_count, 0) != VK_SUCCESS) {
-                       fprintf(stderr, "Failed to enumerate device layers.\n");
-                       return false;
-               }
-               if(layer_count > 0) {
-                       VkLayerProperties *layers = (VkLayerProperties*)alloca(layer_count * sizeof *layers);
-                       vkEnumerateDeviceLayerProperties(pdev, &layer_count, layers);
-                       printf("%u layers found.\n", layer_count);
-                       for(uint32_t i=0; i<layer_count; i++) {
-                               printf("Layer %u: %s (%u, %u)\n", i, layers[i].layerName,
-                                               layers[i].specVersion, layers[i].implementationVersion);
-                               printf("\tDesc: %s\n", layers[i].description);
-                       }
-               }
-       */
-       VkDeviceCreateInfo dev_info;
-       memset(&dev_info, 0, sizeof dev_info);
-       dev_info.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_CREATE_INFO;
-
-       VkDeviceQueueCreateInfo dev_qinfo;
-       memset(&dev_qinfo, 0, sizeof dev_qinfo);
-       dev_qinfo.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_DEVICE_QUEUE_CREATE_INFO;
-       dev_qinfo.queueFamilyIndex = qfam_idx;
-       dev_qinfo.queueCount = 1;
-
-       dev_info.queueCreateInfoCount = 1;
-       dev_info.pQueueCreateInfos = &dev_qinfo;
-
-       if(vkCreateDevice(pdev, &dev_info, 0, &device) != VK_SUCCESS) {
-               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create logical device.\n");
+static bool create_renderpass()
+{
+       VkSurfaceFormatKHR sformat;
+       if(!vku_get_surface_format(vk_physical, vk_surface, &sformat)) {
+               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to get surface format.\n");
                return false;
        }
 
-       vkGetPhysicalDeviceMemoryProperties(pdev, &memprop);
-       for(uint32_t j=0; j<memprop.memoryTypeCount; j++) {
-               if(memprop.memoryTypes[j].propertyFlags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT) {
-                       device_mem_idx = j;
-                       printf("Selected device memory index: %u\n", device_mem_idx);
-                       break;
-               }
+       VkAttachmentDescription att[2];
+       memset(&att, 0, (sizeof att[0]) * 2);
+
+       att[0].format = sformat.format;
+       att[0].samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
+       att[0].loadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR;
+       att[0].storeOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE;
+       att[0].stencilLoadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE;
+       att[0].stencilStoreOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE;
+       att[0].initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL;
+       att[0].finalLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL;
+
+       att[1].format = dformat;
+       att[1].samples = VK_SAMPLE_COUNT_1_BIT;
+       att[1].loadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_CLEAR;
+       att[1].storeOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE;
+       att[1].stencilLoadOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_LOAD_OP_DONT_CARE;
+       att[1].stencilStoreOp = VK_ATTACHMENT_STORE_OP_DONT_CARE;
+       att[1].initialLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL;
+       att[1].finalLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL;
+
+       VkAttachmentReference cref;
+       memset(&cref, 0, sizeof cref);
+       cref.layout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL;
+
+       VkAttachmentReference dref;
+       memset(&dref, 0, sizeof dref);
+       dref.attachment = 1;
+       dref.layout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_DEPTH_STENCIL_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL;
+
+       VkSubpassDescription sd;
+       memset(&sd, 0, sizeof sd);
+       sd.pipelineBindPoint = VK_PIPELINE_BIND_POINT_GRAPHICS;
+       sd.colorAttachmentCount = 1;
+       sd.pColorAttachments = &cref;
+       sd.pDepthStencilAttachment = &dref;
+
+       VkRenderPassCreateInfo rinf;
+       memset(&rinf, 0, sizeof rinf);
+       rinf.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_CREATE_INFO;
+       rinf.attachmentCount = 2;
+       rinf.pAttachments = att;
+       rinf.subpassCount = 1;
+       rinf.pSubpasses = &sd;
+
+       if(vkCreateRenderPass(vk_device, &rinf, 0, &rpass) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create rpass.\n");
+               return false;
        }
 
        return true;
 }
 
-static const char *print_vulkan_error(VkResult error)
+static bool create_framebuffers(VkFramebuffer *fb, VkImageView *views)
 {
-       std::string errmsg;
-       switch(error) {
-       case VK_SUCCESS:
-               errmsg = std::string("VK_SUCCESS");
-               break;
-       case VK_NOT_READY:
-               errmsg = std::string("VK_NOT_READY");
-               break;
-       case VK_TIMEOUT:
-               errmsg = std::string("VK_TIMEOUT");
-               break;
-       case VK_EVENT_SET:
-               errmsg = std::string("VK_EVENT_SET");
-               break;
-       case VK_EVENT_RESET:
-               errmsg = std::string("VK_EVENT_RESET");
-               break;
-       case VK_INCOMPLETE:
-               errmsg = std::string("VK_EVENT");
-               break;
-       case VK_ERROR_OUT_OF_HOST_MEMORY:
-               errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_OUT_OF_HOST_MEMORY");
-               break;
-       case VK_ERROR_OUT_OF_DEVICE_MEMORY:
-               errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_OUT_OF_DEVICE_MEMORY");
-               break;
-       case VK_ERROR_INITIALIZATION_FAILED:
-               errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_INITIALIZATION_FAILED");
-               break;
-       case VK_ERROR_DEVICE_LOST:
-               errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_DEVICE_LOST");
-               break;
-       case VK_ERROR_MEMORY_MAP_FAILED:
-               errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_MEMORY_MAP_FAILED");
-               break;
-       case VK_ERROR_LAYER_NOT_PRESENT:
-               errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_LAYER_NOT_PRESENT");
-               break;
-       case VK_ERROR_EXTENSION_NOT_PRESENT:
-               errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_EXTENSION_NOT_PRESENT");
-               break;
-       case VK_ERROR_FEATURE_NOT_PRESENT:
-               errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_FEATURE_NOT_PRESENT");
-               break;
-       case VK_ERROR_INCOMPATIBLE_DRIVER:
-               errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_INCOMPATIBLE_DRIVER");
-               break;
-       case VK_ERROR_TOO_MANY_OBJECTS:
-               errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_TOO_MANY_OBJECTS");
-               break;
-       case VK_ERROR_FORMAT_NOT_SUPPORTED:
-               errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_FORMAT_NOT_SUPPORTED");
-               break;
-       case VK_ERROR_FRAGMENTED_POOL:
-               errmsg = std::string("VK_ERROR_FRAGMENTED_POOL");
-               break;
-       default:
-               errmsg = std::string("UNKNOWN");
-               break;
-       }
-
-       return errmsg.c_str();
+       /* framebuffer attachments */
+       VkImageView fb_att[2];
+       fb_att[1] = dview;
+
+       VkFramebufferCreateInfo fbinf;
+       memset(&fbinf, 0, sizeof fbinf);
+       fbinf.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_FRAMEBUFFER_CREATE_INFO;
+       fbinf.renderPass = rpass;
+       fbinf.attachmentCount = 2;
+       fbinf.pAttachments = fb_att;
+       fbinf.width = win_w;
+       fbinf.height = win_h;
+       fbinf.layers = 1;
+
+       for(int i=0; i<2; i++) {
+               fb_att[0] = views[i];
+               if(vkCreateFramebuffer(vk_device, &fbinf, 0, &fb[i]) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+                       fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create framebuffer %i\n", i);
+                       return false;
+               }
+       }
+       return true;
 }
 
-static const char *dev_type_str(VkPhysicalDeviceType type)
+static bool end_init_command_buffer(VkCommandBuffer *cb)
 {
-       switch(type) {
-       case VK_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_TYPE_OTHER:
-               return "other";
-       case VK_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_TYPE_INTEGRATED_GPU:
-               return "integrated GPU";
-       case VK_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_TYPE_DISCRETE_GPU:
-               return "discrete GPU";
-       case VK_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_TYPE_VIRTUAL_GPU:
-               return "virtual GPU";
-       case VK_PHYSICAL_DEVICE_TYPE_CPU:
-               return "CPU";
-       default:
-               break;
-       }
-       return "unknown";
+       if(vkEndCommandBuffer(*cb) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to end command buffer.\n");
+               return false;
+       }
+
+       VkSubmitInfo si;
+       memset(&si, 0, sizeof si);
+       si.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SUBMIT_INFO;
+       si.commandBufferCount = 1;
+       si.pCommandBuffers = cb;
+
+       if(vkQueueSubmit(vk_queue, 1, &si, VK_NULL_HANDLE) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to submit null queue.\n");
+               return false;
+       }
+
+       if(vkQueueWaitIdle(vk_queue) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+               fprintf(stderr, "QueueWaitIdle failure!\n");
+               return false;
+       }
+
+       vkFreeCommandBuffers(vk_device, vk_pool, 1, cb);
+       *cb = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+
+       return true;
 }
 
-static const char *heap_flags_str(VkMemoryHeapFlags flags)
+static bool allocate_rendering_command_buffers(VkCommandBuffer *bufs)
 {
-       static std::string str;
-       str.clear();
-       if(flags & VK_MEMORY_HEAP_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT) {
-               str += "device-local ";
-       }
-       if(!str.empty())
-               str.pop_back();
-       return str.c_str();
+       return vku_alloc_cmdbufs(vk_pool, VK_COMMAND_BUFFER_LEVEL_PRIMARY,
+                                2, bufs);
 }
 
-static const char *memtype_flags_str(VkMemoryPropertyFlags flags)
+static void free_rendering_command_buffers(VkCommandBuffer *bufs, int count)
 {
-       static std::string str;
-       str.clear();
-       if(flags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_DEVICE_LOCAL_BIT) {
-               str += "device-local ";
+       for(int i=0; i<count; i++) {
+               vku_free_cmdbuf(vk_pool, bufs[i]);
        }
-       if(flags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_VISIBLE_BIT) {
-               str += "host-visible ";
+}
+
+static bool begin_rendering_command_buffers(VkCommandBuffer *bufs, int count)
+{
+       VkCommandBufferInheritanceInfo iinf;
+       memset(&iinf, 0, sizeof iinf);
+       iinf.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_INHERITANCE_INFO;
+       iinf.renderPass = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+       iinf.framebuffer = VK_NULL_HANDLE;
+
+       VkCommandBufferBeginInfo binf;
+       memset(&binf, 0, sizeof binf);
+       binf.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_COMMAND_BUFFER_BEGIN_INFO;
+       binf.pInheritanceInfo = &iinf;
+
+       // setting clear values
+       VkClearValue clvals[2];
+       for(int i=0; i<4; i++) {
+               clvals[0].color.float32[i] = clear_color[i];
        }
-       if(flags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_COHERENT_BIT) {
-               str += "host-coherent ";
+       clvals[1].depthStencil = {1.0f, 0};
+
+       //build drawing command buffers
+       for(int i=0; i<count; i++) {
+               if(vkBeginCommandBuffer(bufs[i], &binf) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+                       fprintf(stderr, "Failed to begin command buffer: %d\n", i);
+                       return false;
+               }
+
+               VkImageMemoryBarrier imbarr;
+               memset(&imbarr, 0, sizeof imbarr);
+               imbarr.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_MEMORY_BARRIER;
+               imbarr.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT;
+               imbarr.oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_UNDEFINED;
+               imbarr.newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL;
+               imbarr.srcQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED;
+               imbarr.dstQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED;
+               imbarr.image = images[i];
+               imbarr.subresourceRange = {VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 0, 1};
+               vkCmdPipelineBarrier(bufs[i], VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_ALL_COMMANDS_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_BOTTOM_OF_PIPE_BIT, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, &imbarr);
+
+               VkRenderPassBeginInfo rbinf;
+               memset(&rbinf, 0, sizeof rbinf);
+               rbinf.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_RENDER_PASS_BEGIN_INFO;
+               rbinf.renderPass = rpass;
+               rbinf.framebuffer = fbs[i];
+               rbinf.renderArea.extent.width = win_w;
+               rbinf.renderArea.extent.height = win_h;
+               rbinf.clearValueCount = count;
+               rbinf.pClearValues = clvals;
+
+               vkCmdBeginRenderPass(bufs[i], &rbinf, VK_SUBPASS_CONTENTS_INLINE);
+               VkViewport viewport;
+               memset(&viewport, 0, sizeof viewport);
+               viewport.width = (float)win_w;
+               viewport.height = (float)win_h;
+               viewport.maxDepth = 1.0f;
+               vkCmdSetViewport(bufs[i], 0, 1, &viewport);
+
+               VkRect2D scissor;
+               memset(&scissor, 0, sizeof scissor);
+               scissor.extent.width = win_w;
+               scissor.extent.height = win_h;
+               vkCmdSetScissor(bufs[i], 0, 1, &scissor);
+               vkCmdEndRenderPass(bufs[i]);
+
+               /* pre-present barrier */
+               VkImageMemoryBarrier ppb;
+               memset(&ppb, 0, sizeof ppb);
+               ppb.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_IMAGE_MEMORY_BARRIER;
+               ppb.srcAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_WRITE_BIT;
+               ppb.dstAccessMask = VK_ACCESS_MEMORY_READ_BIT;
+               ppb.oldLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_COLOR_ATTACHMENT_OPTIMAL;
+               ppb.newLayout = VK_IMAGE_LAYOUT_PRESENT_SRC_KHR;
+               ppb.srcQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED;
+               ppb.dstQueueFamilyIndex = VK_QUEUE_FAMILY_IGNORED;
+               ppb.subresourceRange = {VK_IMAGE_ASPECT_COLOR_BIT, 0, 1, 0, 1};
+               ppb.image = images[i];
+
+               vkCmdPipelineBarrier(bufs[i], VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_ALL_COMMANDS_BIT, VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_BOTTOM_OF_PIPE_BIT, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1, &ppb);
+
+               if(vkEndCommandBuffer(bufs[i]) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+                       fprintf(stderr, "Failed to end command buffer: %d\n", i);
+                       return false;
+               }
        }
-       if(flags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_HOST_CACHED_BIT) {
-               str += "host-cached ";
+       return true;
+}
+
+void cleanup_vulkan()
+{
+       //TODO!!!
+       free_rendering_command_buffers(rbufs, 2);
+       if(win) {
+               glfwDestroyWindow(win);
        }
-       if(flags & VK_MEMORY_PROPERTY_LAZILY_ALLOCATED_BIT) {
-               str += "lazily-allocated ";
+       glfwTerminate();
+
+       //TODOs according to the book:
+       // 1- make sure all threads have been terminated (when I add threads)
+       vku_cleanup();
+}
+
+static void error_callback(int error, const char *description)
+{
+       fprintf(stderr, "GLFW error %d: %s.\n", error, description);
+}
+
+static void reshape(int width, int height)
+{
+//     VkSwapchainKHR sc;
+//     if(!(sc = vku_create_swapchain(vk_surface, width, height, 2, VK_PRESENT_MODE_FIFO_KHR,
+//                                    vk_swapchain))) {
+//             fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create %dx%d double-buffered swapchain\n", width, height);
+//             return;
+//     }
+//     vk_swapchain = sc;
+//
+//     delete [] vkswapchain_images;
+//     vkswapchain_images = vku_get_swapchain_images(sc, 0);
+//     vk_curr_swapchain_image = vku_get_next_image(vk_swapchain);
+}
+
+static void clear(float r, float g, float b)
+{
+}
+
+static void viewport(int x, int y, int width, int height)
+{
+}
+
+static void zbuffer(bool enable)
+{
+}
+
+static void cull_face(Gfx_cull_face cf)
+{
+}
+
+static void swapbuffers()
+{
+}
+
+static void begin_drawing()
+{
+       VkSemaphoreCreateInfo psinf;
+       memset(&psinf, 0, sizeof psinf);
+       psinf.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SEMAPHORE_CREATE_INFO;
+
+       VkResult res;
+       if((res = vkCreateSemaphore(vk_device, &psinf, 0, &psema)) != VK_SUCCESS) {
+               fprintf(stderr, "Failed to create semaphore.\n");
        }
-       if(!str.empty())
-               str.pop_back();
-       return str.c_str();
+       assert(res == VK_SUCCESS);
 }
 
-static const char *queue_flags_str(VkQueueFlags flags)
+static void end_drawing()
 {
-       static std::string str;
-       str.clear();
-       if(flags & VK_QUEUE_GRAPHICS_BIT)
-               str += "graphics ";
-       if(flags & VK_QUEUE_COMPUTE_BIT)
-               str += "compute ";
-       if(flags & VK_QUEUE_TRANSFER_BIT)
-               str += "transfer ";
-       if(flags & VK_QUEUE_SPARSE_BINDING_BIT)
-               str += "sparse-binding ";
-       if(!str.empty())
-               str.pop_back();
-       return str.c_str();
-}
\ No newline at end of file
+       VkResult res = vkAcquireNextImageKHR(vk_device, vk_swapchain,
+                                            UINT64_MAX, psema, VK_NULL_HANDLE, &curr_img);
+       if(res == VK_ERROR_OUT_OF_DATE_KHR) {
+               fprintf(stderr, "Swapchain out of date.\n");
+               return;
+       }
+       assert(res == VK_SUCCESS);
+
+       VkSubmitInfo sinf;
+       memset(&sinf, 0, sizeof sinf);
+       VkPipelineStageFlags psflags = VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_BOTTOM_OF_PIPE_BIT;
+       sinf.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_SUBMIT_INFO;
+       sinf.waitSemaphoreCount = 1;
+       sinf.pWaitSemaphores = &psema;
+       sinf.pWaitDstStageMask = &psflags;
+       sinf.commandBufferCount = 1;
+       sinf.pCommandBuffers = &rbufs[curr_img];
+
+       res = vkQueueSubmit(vk_queue, 1, &sinf, VK_NULL_HANDLE);
+       assert(res == VK_SUCCESS);
+
+       VkPresentInfoKHR pinf;
+       memset(&pinf, 0, sizeof pinf);
+       pinf.sType = VK_STRUCTURE_TYPE_PRESENT_INFO_KHR;
+       pinf.swapchainCount = 1;
+       pinf.pSwapchains = &vk_swapchain;
+       pinf.pImageIndices = &curr_img;
+
+       res = vkQueuePresentKHR(vk_queue, &pinf);
+       if(res == VK_ERROR_OUT_OF_DATE_KHR) {
+               fprintf(stderr, "Swapchain out of date.\n");
+       }
+       assert(res == VK_SUCCESS);
+
+       res = vkQueueWaitIdle(vk_queue);
+       assert(res == VK_SUCCESS);
+
+       vkDestroySemaphore(vk_device, psema, 0);
+}